CAPE TOWN (Reuters) - Diabetes is striking growing numbers of children around the world as parents and doctors fail to diagnose a disease which until recently was associated mostly with middle-aged and elderly people, experts said on Tuesday.
"Diabetes has become a chronic and common disease among children ... and often these children die," Francine Kaufman, a professor of pediatrics at the University of Southern California medical school, told a news conference at the World Diabetes Congress in Cape Town.
New data from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) showed the two most common types of diabetes - type 1, which usually strikes young people, and type 2, which has been called "adult onset" diabetes and was once unknown in children - are rising at an alarming rate.
An estimated 70,000 children under the age of 15 develop type 1 diabetes every year, while type 2 is also affecting children as young as eight in both developing and developed countries.
CHILDHOOD DANGER
Diabetes of both types is particularly dangerous for children and a missed diagnosis can prove fatal.
"The young tend to run into problems quickly," said Henk-Jan Aanstoot, a pediatric diabetes specialist from Rotterdam who is helping to coordinate the IDF's childhood diabetes campaign.
While type 1 can be managed with regular insulin injections, failure to start treatment can leave children at risk of rapid dehydration that can end in a deadly swelling of the brain.
Young people with untreated type 2 diabetes are also at risk for deadly complications, ranging from heart attacks to coma.
Both types of diabetes increase the likelihood of kidney and heart problems, blindness and nerve disease which can require the amputation of feet and lower legs.
Aanstoot said the biggest problem of childhood diabetes was the failure of parents and doctors to catch it, with symptoms such as excessive thirst and extreme tiredness often being overlooked or misattributed.
While young people who are not properly diagnosed can end up facing a lifetime of insulin injections and expensive drug treatments, early detection of diabetes or other blood sugar problems can result in effective interventions to slow the progress of the disease. "The test is just a finger prick away, and can prevent a lot of problems," he said.